Alfred Russel Wallace : Alfred Wallace : A. R. Wallace :
Russel Wallace : Alfred Russell Wallace (sic)
Mr. G. H. Lewes's Exposure of Mrs. Hayden
(S265: 1876)
Editor Charles H. Smith's Note: A letter to the Editor printed on page 1608 of The Spectator
issue of 23 December 1876. To link directly to this page, connect with:
http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/wallace/S265.htm
Sir,--In your comment on Mr. Lewes's letter you
seem to imply that the experiment described may prove imposture, but that
Professor De Morgan's experiment was equally decisive against imposture.
Will you allow me very briefly to point out that the alleged exposure
proves nothing without assuming the very fact at issue--that Mrs. Hayden
herself caused the raps following the indications given by the person
who pointed to the letters of the alphabet? For let us assume, on the
other hand, that the raps were, as alleged, caused by invisible beings,
perhaps not superior in intelligence to Mrs. Hayden, and equally liable
to be affected by insult or impulse, and that these beings could read,
more or less imperfectly, the questioner's mind. Nonsense questions
were asked these intelligences, and absurd or contradictory answers were
sought to be obtained by dwelling on certain letters. These absurd
answers were obtained. This is consistent with the supposition on two
theories. Either the intelligence could read only the questioner's active
desire for a certain answer while pointing to the letters, and accordingly
gave that answer; or, if it were able also to perceive the question (though
less vivid in the questioner's mind at the moment), it might well adopt
the human principles of answering what would be impertinent questions
in the only way they deserved an answer. It is a fact within my own knowledge,
and is well known to all spiritualists, that both kinds of answers are
obtained in private circles where any imposture is out of the question.
Professor De Morgan's experiment on the other hand absolutely precluded
imposture on Mrs. Hayden's part, since not only were the letters and pointer
carefully concealed from her, but the answer, though correct, was in words
which the Professor was not expecting. The one experiment was purely negative
and inconclusive, the other positive; and I cannot understand how so logical
a mind as that of Mr. G. H. Lewes can put the two results even in the
same category, much less allow the negative evidence to prevail.--I am,
Sir, &c.,
Alfred R. Wallace.
[We confess we regard Mr. Lewes's explanation of what he observed as the one, at all
events, which every rational investigator would accept,--if only on the well-known principle of
economising wonders as much as possible, until forced by experience to accept the very
surprising explanation of Mr. Wallace. --Ed. Spectator.]
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