Notes:  (1) Click here for an explanation of the features on this page (for example, a '-' placed before the composer's name means he/she flourished during the early part of the period indicated, whereas a '+' indicates he/she flourished during the late part of the period. Capitalized names indicate these are particularly outstanding figures of the genre or style indicated). (2) Click on the 'G' symbols below to link to definitions given in the Glossary.  

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

adagios G :  Albinoni, JS Bach, Barber, Khachaturian, R Schumann

African-American/-European composers:  Brouwer, [Henry 'Harry' Burleigh], Coleridge-Taylor, [Duke Ellington], Joplin, [Ulysses Kay], [The Chevalier de Saint-Georges (née Joseph Boulogne)], Still, Walker, [Clarence Cameron White]

African-American music, some composers generally influenced by:  Coleridge-Taylor, Delius, Dvorák, Gottschalk, Joplin, Still

African music, some composers generally influenced by:  Brouwer, Partch, Reich, Saint-Saëns, Scelsi, Villa-Lobos

airs/ayres G :  JS Bach ('Air on a G String'), Campion, Dowland, Holborne, Morley

aleatory music (& related forms) G c1940 to present:  Babbitt, Boulez, CAGE, Feldman, Foss, Lutoslawski, Stockhausen, Wolff, XENAKIS

allegros G :  Elgar, Ravel, R Schumann

Ancient music (see Medieval & Ancient music)

anthems G c1500-c1800+:  +Billings, Blow, +Boyce, -Byrd, ++Finzi, Gibbons, +Handel, ++Howells, Lawes, Locke, -Morley, ++Parry, Purcell, ++Rutter, -Sheppard, ++Sowerby, ++Stanford, -Tallis, Tomkins, Weelkes

antiphons G :  Dufay, Dunstable, Taverner

arabesques G :  Debussy, R Schumann

arpeggione, G music for:  Schubert (D821)

arrangements (see transcriptions)

Ars nova school G :  Machaut

Asian music, some composers generally influenced by (see also gamelan music & India, music of):  Alain, Badings, Bartók, Bizet, Borodin, Cowell, Debussy, Delibes, Griffes, Harrison, Hovhaness, Jolivet, Koechlin, Ligeti, Messiaen, Partch, Reich, Rimsky-Korsakov, Roussel, Saint-Saëns, Scelsi, Sculthorpe, Stockhausen, Szymanowski, Takemitsu, Tavener, Tcherepnin, Varèse

Avant-garde style G c1950 to present: 

predominantly of the 'American school':  CAGE, Davidovsky, Feldman, Foss, Luening, Wolff

predominantly of the 'European school':  Andriessen, Berio, BOULEZ, Brouwer, Górecki, Holliger, Kagel, Ligeti, Lutoslawski, Maderna, Montsalvatge, Nono, Pärt, Penderecki, Scelsi, STOCKHAUSEN, Xenakis

bagatelles G :  Bartók, Beethoven, Dvorák, Finzi, Ligeti, Webern

ballades G (à la Chopin):  Chopin, Fauré, Martin

ballets G (and pantomime ballets G ) and/or suites drawn from them (see also masques & stage/dramatic works): 

c1600-1900:  +Adam, +DELIBES, +Glazunov, +Gounod, -LULLY, +Ponchielli, -Rameau, +TCHAIKOVSKY

1900 to present:  Auric, Barber, -Bartók, Bernstein, Blacher, Bliss, Bowles, -Carpenter, Carter, COPLAND, -Debussy, -Dukas, -Falla, Gerhard, -Glière, Gould, -Hahn, Honegger, KHACHATURIAN, Lambert, Milhaud, -Pierné, Piston, Poulenc, -Prokofiev, -RAVEL, -Respighi, -Roussel, -Satie, -Schmitt, +Shchedrin, Shostakovich, -STRAVINSKY, Tailleferre, Weill

band, concert wind (see winds/wind band/military band)

barcarolles G :  Barrios, Chopin, Offenbach

Baroque Period G (c1600-c1750) composers: 

Austrian:  Biber, +Fux, Muffat, Schmelzer

British:  Blow, +HANDEL, -Lawes, Locke, -Philips, PURCELL

French:  +Boismortier, M-A CHARPENTIER, +Clérambault, +F COUPERIN, L Couperin, +Lalande, +Leclair, LULLY, Marais, +RAMEAU

German:  +JS BACH, Böhm, Bruhns, BUXTEHUDE, +Fasch, -Froberger, +Heinichen, +Krebs, Pachelbel, -Scheidt, -Schein, -SCHÜTZ, +TELEMANN, +Weiss, +Zelenka

Italian:  +ALBINONI, -Allegri, +Bononcini, -Caccini, +Caldara, Carissimi, -Cavalli, +CORELLI, -FRESCOBALDI, +Geminiani, Legrenzi, +Locatelli, +Lotti, +Marcello, -MONTEVERDI, A Scarlatti, +D Scarlatti, Stradella, Torelli, +VIVALDI

Spanish:  Sanz, +D Scarlatti

Baroque Period music, some later composers generally influenced by:  Carter, Casella, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Davies, Druckman, Harris, Hindemith, Honegger, Hovhaness, Karg-Elert, Kokkonen, Nielsen, Nono, Nyman, Orff, Petrassi, Pinkham, Piston, Ponce, Poulenc, Reger, Respighi, Rodrigo, Schnittke, Stravinsky, Tansman, Thompson, Tippett, Varèse, Warlock

bass, double-, music for:  Bottesini, Dittersdorf, Franck, Glière, Martinu, Rossini, Schubert (D667 & D803)

bass viol (see viola da gamba)

basso-continuo, G music featuring c1625-c1775:  +CPE Bach, +JC Bach, JS Bach, -Biber, Blow, +Boccherini, CORELLI, F Couperin, HANDEL, Leclair, Marais, -Monteverdi, Pachelbel, Purcell, +Quantz, -Schütz, +Tartini, TELEMANN, VIVALDI, Zelenka

bassoon, music for (see also winds & woodwinds): 

unaccompanied or in a chamber setting (including sonatas; see also quintets--wind quintets):  F Couperin, Glinka, Milhaud, Piston, Poulenc, Saint-Saëns, Zelenka

as featured instrument with orchestra (including concertos):  J Haydn, Hummel, Mozart, Weber

bel canto style G (early 19th Century) composers:  Adam, Auber, BELLINI, DONIZETTI, Flotow, Glinka, Mercadante, Meyerbeer, ROSSINI

berceuses G :  Brouwer, Fauré

Berlin, composers associated with, c1725 to present:  -CPE Bach, +Blacher, Bruch, +Eisler, Mendelssohn-Hensel, Moszkowski, +Pärt, -Quantz, Skalkottas, +Schreker, C Schumann, Spontini

Biedermeier style G (early 19th Century) composers:  Franz, Loewe, MENDELSSOHN, Nicolai, SCHUBERT, Spohr

birdsong, some composers influenced by:  Messiaen, Rautavaara, Sculthorpe

blues, some composers generally influenced by (see also jazz, popular music/song, ragtime):  Amram, GERSHWIN, Guarnieri, Lara, Riley, Sowerby, Tippett

Boston, composers associated with, c1750 to present:  -Billings, Chadwick, +Davidovsky, +Dello Joio, +Fine, Foote, +Harbison, Loeffler, +Piston

brass, music for c1550 to present (see also canzonas, French horn, trumpet, winds):  +Arnold, +Bliss, +Copland, Fasch, -G Gabrieli, +Gould, M Haydn, +Hindemith, -Locke, -Schein

California, 20th Century, composers associated with:  Adams, Cage, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Grofé, Harrison, Korngold, Kraft, Oliveros, Partch, Riley, Schoenberg, Still

canons G :  Nancarrow, Pachelbel, Webern

cantatas G c1650 to present:  -JS BACH, -Bononcini, +Boulez, BRAHMS, +Britten, -Bruhns, -Buxtehude, -Caldara, -CARISSIMI, -Clérambault, Coleridge-Taylor, Fauré, +Finzi, +Ginastera, -Handel, +Henze, Janácek, -Lotti, -Marcello, +ORFF, Satie, -A SCARLATTI, -D Scarlatti, -Schein, +Schoenberg, -Stradella, -Telemann, +Vaughan Williams, +Walton

canzonas G (see also instrumental ensemble):  Frescobaldi, Froberger, A Gabrieli, G Gabrieli, Mascagni, Pierné

caprices/capriccios G :  Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Janácek, Kreisler, Mendelssohn, Paganini, Pierné, Rimsky-Korsakov, Saint-Saëns, Tárrega, Tchaikovsky, Zelenka

carols G :  Adam, Britten, Mendelssohn, Praetorius, Rutter, Tavener

cello, music for: 

unaccompanied c1700 to present (including unaccompanied sonatas):  -JS BACH, +Bloch, +Britten, +Crumb, +Hindemith, +Kodály, Offenbach

in chamber music setting c1700 to present (including accompanied sonatas; see also quartets--string quartets, quintets--string quintets):  +Barber, Beethoven, +Bloch, -BOCCHERINI, Brahms, Bridge, +Britten, Bruch, Chopin, Debussy, +Dohnányi, Dvorák, Falla, Fauré, -J Haydn, +Kodály, +Martinu, +Messiaen, +Miaskovsky, Offenbach, +Pärt, +Piazzolla, +Prokofiev, Rachmaninov, Rossini, +Roussel, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, +Schulhoff, R Schumann, +Shostakovich, R Strauss, +Villa-Lobos, +Zemlinsky

as featured instrument with orchestra c1700 to present (including concertos):  -CPE Bach, -JC Bach, +Barber, Beethoven, +Bloch, -BOCCHERINI, Brahms, +Britten, Bruch, +Dutilleux, DVORÁK, ELGAR, Fauré, -Handel, -J HAYDN, Herbert, +Kabalevsky, +Khachaturian, Lalo, +Lutoslawski, +Miaskovsky, Offenbach, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, R SCHUMANN, +Shostakovich, R Strauss, +Tavener, Tchaikovsky, -Vivaldi, +Walton

chaconnes G :  JS Bach (BWV 1004), Buxtehude, Marais, Purcell

chamber concertos G :  Arnold, Berg, Cage, Carter, Ligeti, Pärt, Stravinsky, Vivaldi

chamber music G /small ensemble, general (multiple works, & for various forms; see also consort music, instrumental ensemble, music theatre, quartets, quintets, septets..., sextets, sonatas, trio sonatas, trios, chamber music subheadings under individual instruments): 

c1600-1825:  +JC Bach, JS Bach, +BEETHOVEN, -Biber, Boismortier, +Cherubini, Clérambault, F Couperin, +Danzi, +Dittersdorf, +Donizetti, +Dussek, +Hasse, +Hummel, +Krebs, +Krommer, +Kuhlau, -Lawes, -Locke, Marais, Marcello, -PURCELL, Rameau, +Reicha, +Rossini, Sammartini, -Scheidt, -Schein, +SCHUBERT, +Soler, +Spohr, +K Stamitz, -Stradella, TELEMANN, Torelli, VIVALDI, Zelenka

1825-1925:  +Arensky, +Bax, Berwald, +Bridge, +Busoni, +Casella, -Cherubini, +Coleridge-Taylor, +DEBUSSY, +Dohnányi, -Donizetti, +Elgar, FAURÉ, +Foote, Franck, Gade, +Glazunov, Glinka, Gounod, -Hummel, +Indy, +Janácek, +Jongen, +Karg-Elert, +Kodály, Lalo, +Loeffler, +Nielsen, +Pierné, +Ravel, +Reger, -Reicha, Reinecke, Rheinberger, -Rossini, +Roussel, +Schmitt, +Schoenberg, -SCHUBERT, +Schulhoff, -Spohr, +Suk, +Taneyev, +Tournemire, +Webern, +Zemlinsky

1925 to present:  Arnold, Auric, Bax, Berkeley, Berio, Birtwistle, Blacher, Bolcom, Bridge, Cage, Casella, Cowell, Davies, Dohnányi, Dutilleux, Eisler, Elgar, Enescu, Feldman, Fine, Finney, Foss, Françaix, Ginastera, Glazunov, Glière, Górecki, Guarnieri, Harbison, Harrison, Holmboe, Hovhaness, Husa, Ibert, -Janácek, Jolivet, Jongen, Kagel, Karg-Elert, Kodály, Kokkonen, Korngold, Kraft, Krenek, Kurtág, Ligeti, Loeffler, Luening, Lutoslawski, Maderna, Malipiero, Martin, Martinu, Messiaen, Milhaud, Moeran, Musgrave, Nielsen, Nyman, Orff, Perle, Persichetti, Petrassi, Piazzolla, Pierné, Piston, Pizzetti, RAVEL, Reich, Revueltas, Riegger, Riley, Rochberg, Rorem, Roussel, Rubbra, Ruggles, Sallinen, Scelsi, Schickele, Schmitt, Schnittke, Schoenberg, Schulhoff, Schuller, Sculthorpe, Skalkottas, Still, Stockhausen, Suk, Tailleferre, Takemitsu, Tansman, Toch, Tournemire, Tower, Tubin, Villa-Lobos, Walker, Webern, Wolff, Wolpe, Wuorinen, Xenakis, Zemlinsky, Zwilich

chamber operas G :  Britten, Ginastera, Holst, Stravinsky

chamber/small orchestra, G music for (see orchestral music--chamber/small orchestra)

chamber symphonies G :  Adams, Milhaud, Schoenberg, Schreker, Webern

chance events (see aleatory music)

chansons G c1350-c1600 (see also songs):  -BINCHOIS, Clemens, -DUFAY, Gombert, Janequin, Josquin, La Rue, +Lasso, -MACHAUT, Ockeghem, +Susato, Willaert

chant & other monophonic G music (see Gregorian chant/plainchant)

children or amateurs, music for:  Britten, Czerny, Davies, Gretchaninov, Holst, Humperdinck, Kabalevsky, Kodály, Orff, Persichetti, Prokofiev (Op.67), Saint-Saëns ('Carnival of the Animals'), Schafer

choral/choral-orchestral music, with or without individual voice(s), general (multiple works, & for various genres; see also anthems, cantatas, carols, church music, concertatos, Glorias, Magnificats, masses, oratorios, Passions, psalm settings, requiems, sacred vocal music, Stabat Maters, Te Deums): 

c1650-1825:  Arne, CPE Bach, JS BACH, +BEETHOVEN, -Biber, +Billings, -BUXTEHUDE, HANDEL, Hasse, J Haydn, +M Haydn, +MOZART, Pachelbel, Purcell, +Rossini, +Schubert, -SCHÜTZ, Vivaldi, Zelenka

1825-1925:  -BERLIOZ, +Boulanger, BRAHMS, Bruch, BRUCKNER, +Coleridge-Taylor, +Delius, Dvorák, +ELGAR, +Fauré, Franck, Gounod, +Grainger, Grieg, +Holst, +Janácek, Liszt, Mahler, +Martin, -MENDELSSOHN, +Nielsen, Parry, +Rachmaninov, +Reger, Rheinberger, -Rossini, +Schoenberg, -Schubert, +Stanford, +Stenhammar, +Szymanowski, Verdi, +Vierne, +Warlock, +Zemlinsky

1925 to present:  Adler, Alfvén, Argento, Barber, Berkeley, Bernstein, Bliss, Britten, Cowell, Dallapiccola, Duruflé, Elgar, Fine, Finney, Finzi, Górecki, Grainger, Hanson, Harbison, Harris, Holst, Honegger, Hovhaness, HOWELLS, Husa, Ireland, Janácek, KODÁLY, Langlais, Larsen, Leighton, Lutoslawski, Martin, Messiaen, Moeran, Nørgård, ORFF, Pärt, Penderecki, Pinkham, Pizzetti, Poulenc, Prokofiev, RACHMANINOV, Rautavaara, Rorem, Rubbra, RUTTER, Schafer, Schoenberg, Schuman, Stravinsky, Szymanowski, Tavener, Thompson, Tippett, Varèse, Vaughan Williams, Vierne, Villa-Lobos, Walton, Warlock, Weill, Zemlinsky

chorale preludes G c1600-c1750+:  +CPE Bach, +JS BACH, Böhm, ++Brahms, Buxtehude, -Byrd, ++Franck, PACHELBEL, ++Reger, -Scheidt

chorales G (see also hymns):  JS Bach, Praetorius

church music/services (see also sacred vocal music, masses, anthems):  Adler, JS Bach, Byrd, Cavalli, F Couperin, Dello Joio, Franz, Fux, Gounod, Gretchaninov, Leighton, Monteverdi, Pachelbel, Sheppard, Sowerby, Sullivan, Tavener, Taverner, Tournemire

clarinet, music for (see also woodwinds & winds): 

in chamber music setting c1775 to present (including sonatas; see also quintets--wind quintets):  +Arnold, BRAHMS, Bruch, +Falla, +Finzi, +Françaix, -Glinka, +Honegger, Janácek, +Messiaen, +Milhaud, -MOZART, Pierné, +Piston, +Poulenc, +Ravel, Saint-Saëns, R Schumann, -WEBER, +Webern, Zemlinsky

as featured instrument with orchestra (see concertos--clarinet)

Classical ('Classic') Period G (c1750-c1825) composers:  BEETHOVEN, BOCCHERINI, Cimarosa, Czerny, Danzi, Dittersdorf, Dussek, Grétry, J HAYDN, M Haydn, Hummel, Krommer, Kuhlau, MOZART, Paisiello, Piccinni, Salieri

Classical Period music, some later composers generally influenced by:  Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Fauré, JPE Hartmann, Honegger, Kreisler, Pinkham, Piston, Stravinsky

concert overtures (see orchestral music--concert overtures)

concertatos, sacred G :  Scheidt, Schütz

concerti grossi G c1675-c1775+:  Albinoni, JS BACH, ++Bloch, CORELLI, +Geminiani, HANDEL, +Locatelli, ++Martin, ++Martinu, -Muffat, ++Schnittke, -Stradella, Telemann, -Torelli, Vivaldi

concertos G /concertinos G (see also chamber concertos, concerti grossi, featured instrument with orchestra, orchestral music--concertos for orchestra): 

general (multiple works, and for various featured instruments): 

c1700-1850:  -Albinoni, CPE BACH, JC Bach, -JS BACH, Cimarosa, Danzi, Dittersdorf, Dussek, -Fasch, -HANDEL, J HAYDN, M Haydn, -Heinichen, +Hummel, -Locatelli, -Martini, Mercadante, Paisiello, Salieri, Sammartini, +Spohr, -J Stamitz, K Stamitz, Tartini, -TELEMANN, -Torelli, -VIVALDI

1850 to present:  Alwyn, -Arensky, +Arnold, BARTÓK, Blacher, +Carter, Casella, -Chadwick, Copland, +Corigliano, +Creston, Elgar, +Françaix, +Ginastera, Glazunov, +Harrison, +Holmboe, +Hovhaness, +Jolivet, +Kabalevsky, +Khachaturian, Korngold, +Kraft, Krenek, -Lalo, +Larsson, +Leighton, +Lutoslawski, Martinu, Milhaud, Moeran, NIELSEN, Pfitzner, Piston, Ponce, Poulenc, +Rautavaara, -Reinecke, +Rodrigo, +Schnittke, +Schuller, +Shchedrin, +SHOSTAKOVICH, Stenhammar, R STRAUSS, -Svendsen, Tailleferre, -TCHAIKOVSKY, +Tubin, +WALTON, +Wuorinen, +Zwilich

bassoon (see also bassoon--featured instrument with orchestra):  Hummel, Mozart, Weber

cello c1700 to present (see also cello--featured instrument with orchestra):  -CPE Bach, +Barber, Beethoven, -BOCCHERINI, Brahms, +Dutilleux DVORÁK, ELGAR, -J HAYDN, Herbert, +Kabalevsky, +Khachaturian, Lalo, +Lutoslawski, +Miaskovsky, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, R Schumann, +Shostakovich, -Vivaldi, +Walton

clarinet c1775 to present:  +Arnold, +COPLAND, +Finzi, -Krommer, -Mercadante, -MOZART, NIELSEN, -Spohr, -K Stamitz, Stanford, -WEBER

flute c1700 to present (see also flute--featured instrument with orchestra):  -CPE BACH, Chaminade, +IBERT, Mercadante, -MOZART, +NIELSEN, -Quantz, -Salieri, -K Stamitz, +Takemitsu, -TELEMANN, -Vivaldi

guitar c1800 to present (see also guitar--featured instrument with orchestra):  +Arnold, +Castelnuovo-Tedesco, -Giuliani, +Ponce, +RODRIGO, +Villa-Lobos, --Vivaldi

harp (see also harp--featured instrument with orchestra):  Boieldieu, Ginastera, Glière, Mozart

harpsichord (see also harpsichord--featured instrument with orchestra & keyboard--chamber or orchestral):  JS Bach, Carter, Falla, Galuppi, Poulenc

horn, French c1700 to present (see also horn, French--featured instrument with orchestra):  -J Haydn, -MOZART, +R STRAUSS, -Telemann

keyboard (see also keyboard--chamber or orchestral):  J Haydn

mandolin:  Vivaldi

oboe c1700 to present (see also oboe--featured instrument with orchestra):  -Albinoni, -CPE Bach, -JS Bach, Bellini, -Cimarosa, -Handel, -Krommer, -Mozart, -Salieri, R Strauss, -Telemann, +Vaughan Williams, -Vivaldi

organ (see also keyboard--chamber or orchestral & organ--chamber or orchestral):  Handel, Poulenc

piano c1760 to present (see also keyboard--chamber or orchestral & piano--featured instrument with orchestra):  Balakirev, +Barber, +BARTÓK, -BEETHOVEN, +Berg, BRAHMS, Busoni, +Cage, +Carter, CHOPIN, -Field, +Gershwin, +Ginastera, GRIEG, Hahn, -Hummel, +Ireland, +Khachaturian, LISZT, MacDowell, +Martinu, +Medtner, Mendelssohn, -MOZART, Paderewski, +Poulenc, +Prokofiev, RACHMANINOV, RAVEL, Rubinstein, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, +Schoenberg, C Schumann, R SCHUMANN, +Shostakovich, TCHAIKOVSKY, -Weber

recorder/piccolo:  Telemann, Vivaldi

saxophone:  Glazunov

trumpet c1650 to present (see also trumpet--featured instrument with orchestra):  -Fasch, J Haydn, M Haydn, Hummel, +Shostakovich, Tartini, -Telemann, -Torelli, -Vivaldi

viola (see also viola--featured instrument with orchestra):  Bartók, Schnittke, Penderecki, Telemann, Walton

violin c1650 to present (see also violin--featured instrument with orchestra):  +Adams, -JS BACH, +Barber, +Bartók, BEETHOVEN, +Berg, +Bloch, BRAHMS, BRUCH, +Delius, Dvorák, Elgar, +Glass, +Glazunov, Goldmark, +Gubaidulina, +KA Hartmann, J Haydn, +Henze, +Hindemith, +Kabalevsky, +Khachaturian, +Korngold, MENDELSSOHN, Mozart, +Nielsen, Paganini, +Penderecki, +Prokofiev, Saint-Saëns, +Schoenberg, +Shostakovich, +Sibelius, Spohr, +Stravinsky, +Szymanowski, Tartini, TCHAIKOVSKY, -Telemann, Vieuxtemps, Viotti, -VIVALDI, +Walton, +Weill, Wieniawski

voice:  Glière

concertos for orchestra (see orchestral music--concertos for orchestra)

consort music G c1550-c1675:  -BYRD, DOWLAND, Gibbons, -Holborne, +Lawes, +Locke, -Morley, Philips, Tomkins

continuo, music employing (see basso-continuo)

dance, some composers generally influenced by:  Boismortier, Chopin, Creston, Dowland, Gershwin, Handel, Joplin, Montsalvatge, Nørgård, Piazzolla, Riegger, J Strauss Sr., Wieniawski

"Dance," the word, found in the title of famous individual works by:  Adams, Arnold, Barber, Bartók, Bernstein, Borodin, Brahms, Copland, Debussy, Dvorák, Ginastera, Gluck, Granados, Grieg, Guarnieri, Honegger, Khachaturian, Kodály, Liszt, Lutoslawski, Mussorgsky, Ponchielli, Rachmaninov, Respighi, Rodrigo, Saint-Saëns, Sarasate, Skalkottas, Smetana, R Strauss, Susato, Turina, Weber

dances (see ballets, chaconnes, folk music/dance settings, mazurkas, minuets, passacaglias, pavanes, polonaises, quadrilles, waltzes)

divertimentos/divertissements G :  Bartók, Eisler, Ibert, Mozart, Satie

Dresden, composers associated with c1550-c1750:  +Hasse, -Hassler, +Heinichen, -Praetorius, -Schein, ++R Schumann, -Schütz, +Weiss, +Zelenka

electronic music (see magnetic tape-based music)

electronic music, some composers generally influenced by:  Gubaidulina, Ligeti, Pinkham

Elizabethan music, some composers generally influenced by (see Tudor/Elizabethan...)

English horn, music for (see horn, English)

etudes G :  Alkan, Bartók, Chopin, Czerny, Debussy, Ligeti, Liszt, Messiaen, Nancarrow, R Schumann, Scriabin, Villa-Lobos

exotic instruments, compositions featuring (see unusual or exotic...)

exotic sources, composers employing (see also Asian music):  Cowell, Hahn, Harrison, Holst, Hovhaness, Jolivet, Messiaen, Orff, Partch, Riley, Schmitt, Takemitsu, Tan

Exoticist style G 20th Century:  Cowell, Gubaidulina, Harrison, Holst, Hovhaness, Jolivet, Messiaen, Orff, Partch, Riley, Schmitt, Takemitsu

Experimentalist style 20th Century:  Cowell, Crawford, Foss, Grainger, Gubaidulina, Harrison, Ives, Kagel, Kurtág, Monk, Musgrave, Nancarrow, Nyman, Oliveros, Partch, Ruggles, Schafer, Tan, Thomson, Varèse

Expressionist style G 20th Century:  Berg, Bolcom, Bridge, Carter, Davies, Druckman, Gerhard, Ginastera, KA Hartmann, Henze, Husa, Kraft, Krenek, Prokofiev, Ruggles, Schnittke, Schoenberg, Schreker, Schulhoff, Shostakovich, Toch, Webern, Wolpe

fanfares G :  Adams, Copland, R Strauss (beginning of Op.30), Tower

fantasies/fantasias G c1600 to present:  -JS Bach, Balakirev, Bruch, +Busoni, Chopin, Fauré, Franck, -Gibbons, Liszt, -Milán, Mozart, +REGER, +Rodrigo, Saint-Saëns, Sarasate, SCHUBERT, R SCHUMANN, Tchaikovsky, +Tippett, +VAUGHAN WILLIAMS, +Vierne, +Walton, Wieniawski

featured instrument(s) with orchestra (multiple works, & for various featured instruments; see also listings for individual instruments, concerti grossi, concertos):  Foss, Hovhaness, Lalo, Martin, Penderecki, Pierné, Tower, Vaughan Williams

film scores & orchestral suites drawn from them (see also multi/mixed-media works & stage works):  Alwyn, Amram, Arnold, Auric, Bennett, Bliss, Blitzstein, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Copland, Corigliano, Eisler, Glass, Honegger, Kagel, Korngold, Nyman, Prokofiev, Tailleferre, Takemitsu, Tan, Thomson, Toch, Walton

Florence, composers associated with:  Argento, Caccini, Dallapiccola, Isaac, Lully, Pizzetti

flute, music for (see also woodwinds & winds): 

unaccompanied c1700 to present:  -CPE Bach, -JS BACH, +Berio, DEBUSSY, +Honegger, +Ibert, +Jolivet, +Stockhausen, +VARÈSE

in chamber music setting c1700 to present (including sonatas; see also quintets--wind quintets):  -CPE Bach, -JC Bach, -JS Bach, +Berkeley, -Boismortier, +Copland, -F Couperin, Debussy, +Dutilleux, +Falla, Fauré, +Françaix, Giuliani, -Handel, +Harrison, -J Haydn, +Henze, +Ibert, Janácek, +Jolivet, Kuhlau, -Leclair, +Luening, +Martin, +Martinu, +Piazzolla, +Piston, +Poulenc, +Prokofiev, -Quantz, Ravel, Reinecke, +Roussel, +Stockhausen, +Takemitsu, +Varèse, -Vivaldi, +Warlock

as featured instrument with orchestra c1700 to present (including concertos):  -CPE BACH, Chaminade, -Cimarosa, -Gluck, Griffes, +Harrison, +Ibert, +Jolivet, +Martin, Mercadante, -MOZART, NIELSEN, -Quantz, -Salieri, -K Stamitz, +Takemitsu, -Telemann, +Vaughan Williams, -Vivaldi

folk music/dance settings c1600 to present:  Albéniz, +Arnold, +Bartók, Brahms, +Brouwer, +Canteloube, +Crawford, Dvorák, +Enescu, +Ginastera, +Grainger, Grieg, +Guarnieri, +Holst, +Kodály, Liszt, -Praetorius, +Respighi, --Susato, +Vaughan Williams, +Warlock

folk music, nationality of some composers generally influenced by (see also Nationalist style): 

American:  Amram, Anderson, Beach, Billings, Cowell, Finney, Gershwin, Gottschalk, Harris, Hovhaness, Ives, MacDowell, Moore, Partch, Sowerby, Still, Thomson, Walker

Eastern European:  BARTÓK, Chopin, DVORÁK, Enescu, Górecki, Husa, JANÁCEK, KODÁLY, Ligeti, Lutoslawski, Martinu, Novák, Paderewski, Smetana, Szymanowski, Tansman, Wieniawski, Zelenka

English/Irish:  Arne, Bax, BUTTERWORTH, Clarke, Coleridge-Taylor, Delius, Holst, Howells, Moeran, Nyman, Rutter, Stanford, VAUGHAN WILLIAMS, Warlock

French:  CANTELOUBE, Grétry, Indy, Langlais, Lalo, Milhaud

German/Austrian/Swiss:  Brahms, Bruch, Dittersdorf, Franz, Goldmark, M Haydn, Humperdinck, Lortzing, Mahler, Praetorius, Schmelzer, J Strauss Jr., J Strauss Sr., TELEMANN, Weber

Italian/Spanish:  Albéniz, Bellini, Berio, Falla, Gerhard, Giuliani, Granados, Mompou, Moreno Torróba, Rodrigo, Sarasate, D SCARLATTI, Soler, Tárrega, Tartini, Turina

Latin American:  Barrios, Brouwer, Chávez, Ginastera, Guarnieri, Lauro, Ponce, Revueltas, VILLA-LOBOS

Russian:  Balakirev, Borodin, Dargomïzhsky, Glière, GLINKA, Gretchaninov, Gubaidulina, Ippolitov-Ivanov, Kabalevsky, KHACHATURIAN, Lyadov, Mussorgsky, Rachmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Shchedrin, Shostakovich, Stravinsky, Taneyev, Tchaikovsky, Tcherepnin

Scandinavian:  Alfvén, Gade, GRIEG, JPE Hartmann, Holmboe, Kuhlau, Larsson, Nielsen, Rautavaara, Sibelius, Sinding, Stenhammar, Svendsen

Other:  GRAINGER, Skalkottas, Tan, Tubin

French horn (see horn, French)

French music, some non-French composers generally influenced by:  Arne, JS Bach, Berkeley, Biber, Blow, Boito, Boyce, Buxtehude, Campion, Dowland, Flotow, Froberger, Gluck, Heinichen, Lambert, Lasso, Muffat, Paganini, Palestrina, Schmelzer, Sowerby, Tcherepnin, Telemann, Viotti, Weiss

French Neoclassical style 20th Century:  Auric, Berkeley, Carter, Copland, Fine, Françaix, Honegger, Ibert, Koechlin, Lambert, Martin, MARTINU, MILHAUD, POULENC, Ravel, Roussel, STRAVINSKY, Tailleferre, Tansman, Thomson

French opera, some composers generally influenced by:  Glinka, Gluck, Halévy

French organ school composers c1850 to present:  Dupré, Duruflé, -Guilmant, +Langlais, Tournemire, Vierne, -Widor

gamelan music, G some composers influenced by:  Boulez, Britten, Debussy, Harrison, Messiaen, Reich, Takemitsu, Varèse

German Neoclassical style 20th Century:  Busoni, HINDEMITH, Krenek, Toch, Weill

Glorias G :  Poulenc, Rutter, Vivaldi

Gregorian chant/plainchant/chant, G some composers influenced by:  Adler, Alain, Allegri, Binchois, Bruckner, Cabezón, Creston, Davies, Dello Joio, Dufay, Dunstable, Duruflé, Gombert, Hanson, Harris, Hildegard, Howells, Indy, Isaac, Jongen, Kodály, Koechlin, Langlais, La Rue, Leighton, Loeffler, Machaut, Malipiero, Martin, Messiaen, Morales, Obrecht, Palestrina, Pärt, Penderecki, Pérotin, Pierné, Pizzetti, Reich, Respighi, Rutter, Satie, Sheppard, Tallis, Tavener, Taverner, Tournemire, Walker, Widor

guitar, music for: 

unaccompanied c1650 to present (including sonatas):  Albéniz, +Barrios, +Britten, +Brouwer, Carulli, +Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Falla, +Ginastera, Giuliani, +Lauro, +Moreno Torróba, Paganini, +Piazzolla, +Ponce, +Rodrigo, -Sanz, SOR, +Takemitsu, +Tansman, Tárrega, +Turina, +Villa-Lobos

in chamber music setting c1775 to present:  -BOCCHERINI, +Brouwer, -Carulli, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, -GIULIANI, +Henze, +Ibert, Moreno Torróba, -Paganini, +Piazzolla, +Reich, +Rodrigo, --Sanz, -Schubert, Sor, +Takemitsu, +Villa-Lobos

as featured instrument with orchestra c1800 to present (including concertos):  +Arnold, +Brouwer, +Castelnuovo-Tedesco, -Giuliani, +Ponce, +RODRIGO, +Takemitsu, +Villa-Lobos, --Vivaldi (originally for lute or mandolin)

guitar music, some composers influenced by:  Albéniz, Boccherini, Paganini, Sanz, D Scarlatti, Soler

gypsy music, some composers influenced by:  Beethoven, Brahms, Goldmark, J Haydn, Liszt, Moreno Torróba, Sarasate, J Strauss Sr.

Hamburg, composers associated with:  CPE Bach, Brahms, Gubaidulina, Mahler, Telemann

harmonium, G music for:  Dvorák, KARG-ELERT

harp, music for: 

unaccompanied:  Fauré, Handel, Pierné, Spohr

in chamber music setting (including sonatas):  Boulanger, Britten, Debussy, Françaix, Franck, Handel, Ibert, Jolivet, Pierné, Ravel, Roussel, Spohr, Still, Vaughan Williams

as featured instrument with orchestra (including concertos):  Boieldieu, Debussy, Ginastera, Glière, Martin, Mozart, Pierné, Vaughan Williams

harpsichord, music for (see also keyboard instrument): 

unaccompanied c1600 to c1775+ (including sonatas; see also sonatas--keyboard instrument):  JS Bach, Clérambault, F COUPERIN, -L Couperin, -Frescobaldi, -Froberger, +Galuppi, Handel, +J Haydn, +Krebs, RAMEAU, D SCARLATTI

in chamber or orchestral settings c1700 to present (including concertos):  -JS Bach, -WF Bach, +Carter, -F Couperin, +Falla, -Galuppi, -J Haydn, +Martin, +Poulenc, -Rameau, +Schnittke

horn, English, music for:  Copland, Warlock

horn, French, music for (see also brass & winds): 

in solo or chamber settings c1800 to present (including sonatas; see also quintets--wind quintets):  Brahms, Dukas, Hindemith, -R Schumann

as featured instrument with orchestra c1700 to present (including concertos):  +Britten, +Harrison, -J Haydn, -Mozart, R Strauss, -Telemann

hymns G :  Billings, Hildegard, Holst, Howells, Langlais, Praetorius, Rutter, Tallis, Victoria

hymns, some composers generally influenced by:  Finzi, Hanson, Harris, Praetorius, Thompson, Thomson

Impressionist style G c1890 to present:  Boulanger, Bridge, Brouwer, Carpenter, Casella, Clarke, DEBUSSY, Delius, Dukas, Enescu, Falla, Griffes, Ibert, Ireland, Jolivet, Karg-Elert, Koechlin, Loeffler, Malipiero, Messiaen, Mompou, Pierné, Ponce, Puccini, RAVEL, Roussel, SATIE, Schmitt, Stravinsky, Szymanowski, Takemitsu, Tower

impromptus G :  Fauré, Pierné, Schubert

incidental music (see orchestral music--incidental music)

indeterminate music (see aleatory music)

India, music of, some composers generally influenced by (see also Asian music):  Boulez, Cage, Glass, Messiaen, Riley, Roussel

instrumental ensemble, music for (general and miscellaneous categories, for small to medium-sized forces; see also canzonas, chamber music, consort music):  Biber, Foss, Frescobaldi, A Gabrieli, G Gabrieli, Locke, Maderna, Pärt, Partch, Reich, Riley, Schuller, Varèse

Italian music, some non-Italian composers generally influenced by:  JC Bach, JS Bach, Biber, Blow, Boismortier, Boyce, Buxtehude, Campion, M-A Charpentier, Clérambault, F Couperin, Dowland, Dufay, Fasch, Flotow, Handel, Isaac, Josquin, Lalande, Lasso, Leclair, Marais, Morley, Muffat, Philips, Sanz, Scheidt, Schmelzer, J Stamitz, Telemann

Italian opera, some composers generally influenced by:  Dello Joio, Glinka, Gluck, Grétry, Handel, Hasse, Heinichen, Henze, Lully, Massenet, Paganini, Rameau, Salieri, C Schumann, Sor, Tchaikovsky, Weiss, Zelenka

jazz, some composers generally influenced by c1900 to present (see also blues, popular music/song, ragtime):  Adams, AMRAM, Andriessen, Arnold, Auric, Bennett, Berg, Bernstein, Blacher, Bliss, Blitzstein, BOLCOM, CARPENTER, Copland, Dello Joio, Druckman, Dutilleux, Eisler, Fine, GERSHWIN, Glazunov, Gould, Grofé, Harbison, Harris, Henze, Hindemith, Ibert, Ives, Jolivet, Joplin, Kraft, Krenek, LAMBERT, Lara, LARSEN, Ligeti, Loeffler, Martin, Martinu, MILHAUD, Mompou, Moore, Moreno Torróba, Nancarrow, Petrassi, Piazzolla, Ravel, Reich, Riley, Rorem, Roussel, Sallinen, Satie, Schulhoff, SCHULLER, Schuman, Shchedrin, Shostakovich, Skalkottas, Sowerby, Still, Stravinsky, Takemitsu, Tansman, Tippett, Toch, Tubin, Walker, Walton, WEILL, Wolpe, Zwilich

Jewish-/Hebrew-related themes & influences:  Adler, Amram, Bernstein, Bloch, Bruch, Gershwin, Reich

keyboard instrument, G music for c1500-c1775+ (see also harpsichord, piano, organ): 

unaccompanied (see also sonatas--harpsichord, sonatas--keyboard, sonatas--piano):  +CPE Bach, +JC Bach, +JS BACH, +WF Bach, Blow, Böhm, +Boyce, -Bull, -Byrd, +Cimarosa, +Clementi, FRESCOBALDI, Froberger, +Fux, Gibbons, +HANDEL, +J Haydn, ++Ligeti, +Martini, -Philips, Purcell, +D SCARLATTI, Scheidt, +Soler, -Sweelinck, -Tallis, Tomkins

in chamber or orchestral settings (see also listings for piano & harpsichord):  +JS Bach, +Boismortier, +Handel, +J Haydn, +Mozart, Purcell, ++Riley

Latin American composers:  Barrios, Brouwer, Chávez, Davidovsky, Ginastera, Guarnieri, Hahn, Kagel, Lara, Lauro, Nancarrow, Piazzolla, Ponce, Revueltas, Villa-Lobos

Latin American music, some non-Latin American composers generally influenced by:  Amram, Copland, Gershwin, Gottschalk, Milhaud, Tower

Leipzig, composers associated with, c1600 to present:  -JS Bach, +Karg-Elert, Krebs, Mendelssohn, Reinecke, -Schein, C Schumann, R Schumann

lieder G (see also songs & song cycles):  Berg, BRAHMS, Franz, Lasso, Liszt, Loewe, Mahler, Mendelssohn-Hensel, Reinecke, Schoenberg, SCHUBERT, C Schumann, R SCHUMANN, Senfl, R Strauss, WOLF, Zemlinsky

Light Classical style:  Anderson, Grofé, Herbert, Joplin, Kreisler, Lehár, Offenbach, J Strauss Jr., J Strauss Sr., Jos Strauss, Sullivan, Suppé

London, composers associated with:

c1550-1780:  +Arne, +JC Bach, Blow, +Bononcini, +Boyce, +Geminiani, -Gibbons, +Handel, -Lawes, -Morley, Purcell, -Sheppard, -Tallis, -Tomkins

1780 to present:  +Alwyn, Bliss, -Clementi, Coleridge-Taylor, -Dussek, -Field, Ireland, +Lambert, +Medtner, Parry, -Sor, Stanford, Sullivan, +Tavener, Vaughan Williams, -Viotti, Warlock

lute, music for:  JS BACH, Campion, DOWLAND, Holborne, Morley, Vivaldi, WEISS

madrigals G c1525-c1650:  Byrd, Caccini, +Frescobaldi, A Gabrieli, GESUALDO, +Gibbons, Hassler, Lasso, MARENZIO, ++Martinu, +MONTEVERDI, Morley, Palestrina, Philips, -Rore, +Schein, +Tomkins, Weelkes, -Willaert

magnetic tape-based/electronic/electric instruments-based music (see also Avant-garde):  Babbitt, Badings, Berio, Boulez, Cage, Crumb, Davidovsky, Druckman, Henze, Holliger, Hovhaness, Kagel, Ligeti, Luening, Maderna, Nono, Oliveros, Reich, Riley, STOCKHAUSEN, Varèse, Wuorinen, Xenakis

Magnificats G :  JS Bach, Hovhaness, Lasso, Pachelbel, Palestrina, Schütz, Taverner

mandolin, music for:  Vivaldi

Mannheim school composers G :  Danzi, Jommelli, J Stamitz, K Stamitz

marches G :  Chabrier, Elgar, Gounod, J Strauss Jr., J Strauss Sr., Tchaikovsky, Verdi, Walton

masques G (see also ballets & stage works):  Arne, Blow, Campion, Handel, Vaughan Williams

masses G (see also requiems): 

c1350-1750:  +JS BACH, -Binchois, Byrd, +M-A Charpentier, Clemens, +F Couperin, -Dufay, -Dunstable, +Fux, Gombert, Guerrero, Hassler, -Isaac, -Josquin, -La Rue, Lasso, -Machaut, Monteverdi, Morales, -Obrecht, -Ockeghem, PALESTRINA, Rore, +A Scarlatti, Schütz, Senfl, Sheppard, Susato, Tallis, Taverner, Victoria, Willaert

1750 to present:  -BEETHOVEN, Berlioz, Bruckner, -Cherubini, -Cimarosa, Gounod, -J Haydn, -M Haydn, +Howells, Janácek, +Kodály, +Langlais, -MOZART, -Schubert, +Stravinsky, +Vaughan Williams, Vierne, Verdi

mazurkas G :  Chopin, Tárrega

Medieval & Ancient music, some later composers generally influenced by (see also Gregorian chant):  Birtwistle, Carter, Davies, Górecki, Harris, Harrison, Indy, Krenek, Kurtág, Lambert, Ligeti, Messiaen, Orff, Pärt, Partch, Pizzetti, Respighi, Satie, Schuman, Tavener, Varèse, Xenakis

Medieval Period composers:  [Johannes Ciconia], Hildegard, [Léonin], Machaut, Pérotin, [Philippe de Vitry]

microtonal music G :  [Alois Hába], Harrison, Ives, Nono, Partch, Scelsi, Stockhausen

military band, music for (see winds/wind band/military band)

Minimalist style G c1965 to present:  Adams, Andriessen, Feldman, Foss, GLASS, Górecki, Ligeti, Nyman, Pärt, REICH, RILEY, Tavener

minuets G :  Boccherini, Lully, Paderewski

Moscow, composers associated with, c1875 to present:  -Arensky, -Ippolitov-Ivanov, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Miaskovsky, Prokofiev, +Schnittke, Scriabin, +Shchedrin, Shostakovich, -Taneyev, -Tchaikovsky

motets G : 

c1200-1500:  +Dufay, +Dunstable, +Isaac, +Josquin, +La Rue, Machaut, +Obrecht, +Ockeghem, -Pérotin

1500-1750:  +JS Bach, Byrd, M-A Charpentier, -Clemens, +Clérambault, +F Couperin, Frescobaldi, +Fux, G Gabrieli, Gesualdo, -Gombert, -Guerrero, -Isaac, -Josquin, +Lalande, -La Rue, -Lasso, +Lotti, Lully, -Morales, +Pachelbel, -Palestrina, Philips, Praetorius, +Rameau, -Rore, +A Scarlatti, Scheidt, Schein, Schütz, -Senfl, -Sheppard, Sweelinck, -Tallis, -Taverner, Victoria, -Willaert

1750 to present:  Bruckner, +Duruflé, +Howells, +Ireland, -Mozart, Stanford

multi/mixed-media works c1960 to present (see also music theatre & narrated works):  Glass, Kagel, Oliveros, Reich

Munich, composers associated with, c1525 to present:  Danzi, +KA Hartmann, -Lasso, +Orff, +Rheinberger, -Senfl

music education, composers known for their involvement in:  Kodály, Orff, Persichetti, Schafer, Schickele, Schuman, Villa-Lobos

music theatre G c1950 to present (see also narrated works):  Berio, Cage, Davies, Glazunov, Henze, Kagel, Oliveros, Partch, Reich, Rubinstein, Schafer

Mystical style 20th Century:  Alain, Crumb, Gubaidulina, Harrison, Hovhaness, Jolivet, Langlais, Messiaen, Rautavaara, Scelsi, Scriabin, Stockhausen, Tavener

Naples, composers associated with, c1550 to present:  Cimarosa, Donizetti, -[Francesco Durante], -Gesualdo, -[Leonardo Leo], Jommelli, Mercadante, Paisiello, Pergolesi, Piccinni, -A Scarlatti, D Scarlatti

narrated works 20th Century (see also music theatre & stage works):  Copland, Henze, Honegger, Penderecki, Prokofiev, Schoenberg, Stravinsky, Walton

Nationalist style G c1850 to present: 

African-American:  Still

American:  COPLAND, Gottschalk, Harris, Ives, Thomson

Argentinian:  Ginastera

Brazilian:  Guarnieri, VILLA-LOBOS

Czech:  DVORÁK, Janácek, Martinu, Novák, Smetana

Danish:  JPE Hartmann, Nielsen

English:  Butterworth, Finzi, Grainger, Holst, Moeran, VAUGHAN WILLIAMS, Warlock

Finnish:  SIBELIUS

French:  Canteloube

German:  WAGNER

Hungarian:  BARTÓK, Kodály

Mexican:  Chávez, Lara, Ponce, Revueltas

Norwegian:  GRIEG, Svendsen

Paraguayan:  Barrios

Polish:  Chopin, Szymanowski

Russian:  Balakirev, Borodin, Glinka, Gretchaninov, Ippolitov-Ivanov, Lyadov, MUSSORGSKY, Rimsky-Korsakov, Stravinsky

Spanish:  Albéniz, Falla, Gerhard, Granados, Moreno Torróba, Rodrigo, Tárrega, Turina

Venezuelan:  Lauro

Other:  Bloch, Brouwer, Still

Native Americans music, some composers influenced by:  Amram, Beach, Chávez, Foote, Griffes, Partch, VILLA-LOBOS

Nature, sounds of, some composers generally influenced by:  Nørgård, Rautavaara, Schafer, Takemitsu

Neoclassical leanings, 19th Century composers with:  Brahms, Fauré, Mendelssohn, Reger, Reinecke, Rheinberger, Saint-Saëns, Satie, Tchaikovsky

Neoclassical style G 20th Century (see also French Neoclassical & German Neoclassical):  Andriessen, Badings, Bartók, Bernstein, Bloch, Bolcom, BRITTEN, Casella, Chávez, Clarke, Dallapiccola, FALLA, Foss, Gerhard, Harbison, Holmboe, Larsson, Leighton, Luening, Lutoslawski, Malipiero, Nielsen, Orff, Perle, Persichetti, Petrassi, Pinkham, Piston, Ponce, PROKOFIEV, Riegger, Rodrigo, Rorem, Schulhoff, Schuman, Sessions, Skalkottas, R Strauss, Szymanowski, Tcherepnin, Tippett, Walker, Walton, Wolf-Ferrari, Wuorinen

Neoromantic style G 20th Century:  Alwyn, Argento, Arnold, BARBER, Bennett, Bernstein, Bliss, Bloch, Bolcom, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Corigliano, Creston, Dello Joio, Diamond, Druckman, Dupré, Duruflé, Finzi, Górecki, Hanson, Harbison, HONEGGER, Hovhaness, Howells, Husa, Jongen, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Kokkonen, Larsson, Lutoslawski, Menotti, Moeran, Moore, Moreno Torróba, Nørgård, Penderecki, Piston, Pizzetti, Ponce, PROKOFIEV, Rautavaara, Rihm, Rochberg, Rorem, Sallinen, Schnittke, Schuman, Shchedrin, SHOSTAKOVICH, Sowerby, Still, Thompson, Tower, Tubin, WALTON, Zwilich

New England school G composers:  Beach, Chadwick, Foote, [John Knowles Paine], [Horatio Parker]

New York, composers associated with, c1890 to present:  Bartók, -Beach, +Bennett, Bernstein, Cage, Copland, +Corigliano, Cowell, +Davidovsky, Dello Joio, +Diamond, +Druckman, Eisler, Feldman, -Gershwin, +Glass, Gould, Grofé, Hovhaness, -Ives, -Joplin, -MacDowell, -Mahler, +Monk, +Oliveros, +Perle, Persichetti, +Reich, Riegger, +Riley, +Schickele, Schuman, Thomson, +Wolff

nocturnes G :  Chopin, Debussy, Field, Szymanowski

nonets (see septets, octets, nonets)

oboe, music for (see also woodwinds & winds): 

in solo or chamber music settings (including sonatas; see also quintets--winds):  Britten, F Couperin, Falla, Hindemith, Holliger, Milhaud, Mozart, Poulenc, Rubbra, R Schumann, Zelenka

as featured instrument with orchestra (including concertos):  Albinoni, CPE Bach, JC Bach, JS Bach, Bellini, Cimarosa, Fasch, Françaix, Handel, Holliger, Krommer, Mozart, Salieri, R Strauss, Telemann, Vaughan Williams, Vivaldi

octets (see septets, octets, nonets)

odes G :  Blow, Handel, Purcell

operas, G all genres (including chamber operas; see also stage works): 

c1600-1800:  Albinoni, +Arne, +JC Bach, Bononcini, -Caccini, -Cavalli, M-A Charpentier, +Cherubini, +Cimarosa, Fux, +Galuppi, +GLUCK, +Grétry, HANDEL, +Hasse, Heinichen, +Jommelli, Legrenzi, Lotti, -Lully, Marais, +Mayr, +Méhul, -MONTEVERDI, +MOZART, +Paisiello, Pergolesi, +Piccinni, PURCELL, RAMEAU, +Salieri, A Scarlatti, Stradella, Vivaldi

1800-1900:  Adam, Auber, -Beethoven, -BELLINI, Berlioz, BIZET, -Boieldieu, +Boito, +Borodin, +Chabrier, +G Charpentier, -Cherubini, +Cui, Dargomïzhsky, +Delibes, -DONIZETTI, +Dvorák, +Fibich, Flotow, +Giordano, Glinka, Goldmark, Gounod, Halévy, JPE Hartmann, +Humperdinck, -Kuhlau, +Lalo, +Leoncavallo, Lortzing, +Mascagni, +MASSENET, -Mayr, -Méhul, Mercadante, MEYERBEER, +MUSSORGSKY, Nicolai, Offenbach, +Ponchielli, +PUCCINI, +Rimsky-Korsakov, -ROSSINI, +Rubinstein, +Saint-Saëns, -Salieri, +Smetana, -Spohr, -Spontini, +Tchaikovsky, Thomas, VERDI, WAGNER, -WEBER

1900 to present:  +Adams, +Argento, Barber, -Bartók, -BERG, +Birtwistle, -Boito, BRITTEN, -Busoni, -Cilea, Copland, +Corigliano, -Cui, Dallapiccola, +Davies, -Debussy, Dello Joio, -Dukas, -Dvorák, -Falla, -Fauré, Gershwin, Ginastera, -Giordano, +Glass, -Granados, -Hahn, +Harbison, Henze, Hindemith, -Holst, -Humperdinck, -JANÁCEK, -Joplin, Kabalevsky, -Kodály, +Kokkonen, -Korngold, Krenek, -Leoncavallo, +Maderna, -Malipiero, Martinu, -Mascagni, MENOTTI, Milhaud, +Monk, Moore, +Musgrave, -Nielsen, Orff, -Pfitzner, Pizzetti, Poulenc, Prokofiev, -PUCCINI, -Ravel, +Reich, -Respighi, -Rimsky-Korsakov, +Sallinen, -Schoenberg, -Schreker, Shostakovich, Still, +Stockhausen, -R STRAUSS, Stravinsky, -Szymanowski, Tailleferre, Thomson, Tippett, Vaughan Williams, Weill, -Wolf-Ferrari, -Zemlinsky

operettas G (see also stage works):  Bernstein, Hahn, Herbert, LEHÁR, OFFENBACH, J STRAUSS JR., SULLIVAN, Suppé, Weill

oratorios G c1600 to present:  JS Bach, Berlioz, Bononcini, +Brahms, -Caldara, -Carissimi, -M-A Charpentier, +Elgar, +Franck, -Fux, Galuppi, HANDEL, J HAYDN, +Honegger, +Liszt, -Lotti, Marcello, +Martin, Mendelssohn, +Penderecki, +Satie, -A Scarlatti, -Schütz, Spohr, +Stravinsky, +Tippett

orchestral music (see also ballets, chamber symphonies, concerti grossi, concertos, film scores, orchestration, overtures & preludes, symphonies, winds): 

chamber/small orchestra, G music for (see also chamber concertos & chamber symphonies):  Cage, Carter, Davies, Delius, Handel, Hindemith, Hovhaness, Ibert, Ives, Kabalevsky, Messiaen, Pärt, Respighi, Satie, Stravinsky, Wagner, Webern, Wolf

concert overtures G :  Balakirev, Berlioz, Brahms, Chadwick, Dvorák, Elgar, Gade, Mendelssohn, Rimsky-Korsakov, Schuman, Tchaikovsky

concertos for orchestra:  Bartók, Kodály, Lutoslawski, Petrassi, Stravinsky, Tippett

incidental music G to plays, etc. (& suites drawn from the latter):  Arne, Auric, Bartók, Beethoven, Berg, Bernstein, Bizet, Bowles, Copland, Debussy, Delibes, Falla, Fauré, Glière, Gould, Granados, Grieg, JPE Hartmann, Hindemith, Honegger, Humperdinck, Ibert, Kabalevsky, Kodály, Lully, Mendelssohn, Nielsen, Piston, Prokofiev, Ravel, Rimsky-Korsakov, Roussel, Schubert, R Schumann, Sessions, Shostakovich, Sibelius, Stravinsky, Tchaikovsky, Vaughan Williams, Walton, Weill

sinfonia concertantes G & sinfonias G (see also concerti grossi):  JC Bach, Bottesini, Cimarosa, Dittersdorf, Handel, J Haydn, Jongen, Malipiero, Martin, Martini, Mozart, K Stamitz, Stradella

string orchestras, G music for:  Adams, Albinoni, Anderson, Arensky, Bartók, Biber, Bliss, Bloch, Bridge, Britten, Cimarosa, Dvorák, Elgar, Fasch, Finzi, Foote, Górecki, Grieg, Handel, KA Hartmann, J Haydn, Hindemith, Holst, Honegger, Hovhaness, Mozart, Nielsen, Pärt, Penderecki, Purcell, Schnittke, Schoenberg, Shchedrin, R Strauss, Stravinsky, Suk, Takemitsu, Tartini, Tchaikovsky, Telemann, Tippett, Torelli, Turina, Vaughan Williams, Warlock

suites for orchestra (not connected to dramatic works) G :  JS Bach, Bartók, Berg, Bridge, Carpenter, Delius, Fasch, Foote, Grieg, Grofé, Handel, Hindemith, Holst, Ippolitov-Ivanov, Ives, Massenet, Milhaud, Muffat, Nielsen, Respighi, Rimsky-Korsakov, Roussel, Smetana, Tchaikovsky, Telemann, Vaughan Williams, Warlock

symphonic ('tone') poems G c1850 to present:  -Balakirev, Bax, -Borodin, Chadwick, Debussy, Delius, DUKAS, Fibich, -FRANCK, Gershwin, Glière, -Goldmark, Honegger, Ibert, Koechlin, -LISZT, MacDowell, -Mussorgsky, Prokofiev, Rachmaninov, RESPIGHI, -Rimsky-Korsakov, Schoenberg, Scriabin, SIBELIUS, -Smetana, -R STRAUSS, -Tchaikovsky, Turina, Webern, Zemlinsky

theme and variations G for orchestra (including works with featured instrument):  Arensky, Blacher, Brahms, Britten, Bruch, Carter, Delius, Dohnányi, Dvorák, Elgar, Franck, Gershwin, Hindemith, Indy, Kodály, Lutoslawski, Rachmaninov, Reger, Schoenberg, R Strauss, Tchaikovsky

other orchestral forms, or general: 

c1675-1800:  +JC Bach, JS Bach, Boyce, Handel, -Lalande, +Mozart, J Stamitz, Telemann, -Torelli, Zelenka

1800-1920:  +Albéniz, +Alfvén, +Arensky, +Bartók, +Berg, -Berlioz, Bizet, +Bliss, Borodin, Brahms, +Butterworth, +Carpenter, +Casella, Chabrier, +Coleridge-Taylor, Cui, Dargomïzhsky, +Debussy, +Delius, Duparc, Dvorák, +Elgar, +Enescu, +Fibich, +Fauré, Glinka, Gounod, +Grainger, +Granados, +Gretchaninov, Grieg, +Griffes, +Hindemith, +Holst, +Honegger, +Indy, +Ippolitov-Ivanov, +Ireland, +Ives, +Janácek, +Korngold, Liszt, +Loeffler, +Lyadov, Massenet, -Mendelssohn, Mussorgsky, +Novák, Offenbach, Ponchielli, +Prokofiev, +Rachmaninov, +Ravel, +Reger, Rimsky-Korsakov, +Roussel, Saint-Saëns, +Satie, +Schmitt, +Schoenberg, +Sibelius, Smetana, +Stenhammar, J Strauss Jr., J Strauss Sr., Jos Strauss, +R Strauss, +Suk, Sullivan, Tchaikovsky, +Turina, +Varèse, +Vaughan Williams, Wagner, +Warlock, -Weber, +Webern

1920 to present:  Adams, Alfvén, Amram, Anderson, Arnold, Barber, Bartók, Berg, Berio, Bernstein, Bliss, Bolcom, Boulez, Bridge, Britten, Carpenter, Carter, Casella, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Copland, Cowell, Creston, Crumb, Delius, Dello Joio, Druckman, Dutilleux, Eisler, Elgar, Enescu, Feldman, Fine, Finzi, Gerhard, Gershwin, Glass, Górecki, Gould, Grainger, Gretchaninov, Grofé, Guarnieri, Harris, Henze, Hindemith, Holst, Honegger, Hovhaness, Husa, Ibert, Ireland, Janácek, Khachaturian, Kodály, Korngold, Lambert, Larsen, Larsson, Ligeti, Luening, Lutoslawski, Martinu, Messiaen, Milhaud, Moeran, Montsalvatge, Musgrave, Nørgård, Pärt, Piazzolla, Piston, Prokofiev, Rachmaninov, Rautavaara, Ravel, Revueltas, Riegger, Rorem, Roussel, Rubbra, Ruggles, Sallinen, Scelsi, Schafer, Schmitt, Schnittke, Schoenberg, Schreker, Schuller, Schuman, Sculthorpe, Sessions, Shchedrin, Skalkottas, Still, Stockhausen, R Strauss, Takemitsu, Tan, Tansman, Tower, Turina, Varèse, Vaughan Williams, Walker, Walton, Warlock, Webern, Wuorinen, Xenakis, Zwilich

orchestration, G composers particularly noted for their talent at:  Berlioz, Debussy, Dukas, Grofé, Mahler, Ravel, Respighi, Rimsky-Korsakov, R Strauss, Wagner, Weber

organ, music for (see also keyboard instrument): 

unaccompanied (including sonatas): 

c1500-1800:  +CPE Bach, +JS BACH, Blow, +Böhm, Bruhns, BUXTEHUDE, -Byrd, -Cabezón, +Clérambault, +F Couperin, L Couperin, FRESCOBALDI, -G Gabrieli, -Hassler, +Krebs, Pachelbel, Scheidt, -Sweelinck

1800 to present:  Alain, -Alkan, Dupré, +Duruflé, FRANCK, +Glass, Glazunov, Guilmant, +Howells, Ireland, Ives, Jongen, Karg-Elert, Langlais, +Ligeti, -LISZT, -Mendelssohn, +MESSIAEN, Nielsen, Parry, +Pinkham, REGER, Rheinberger, Saint-Saëns, Sowerby, Tournemire, Vierne, WIDOR

in chamber or orchestral settings c1700 to present (including concertos):  -Albinoni, Guilmant, -Handel, +Jongen, -Krebs, -Pergolesi, +Pinkham, +Poulenc, Reger, Saint-Saëns

Orthodox Church music traditions, some composers influenced by:

Greek:  TAVENER

Russian:  Gretchaninov, Mussorgsky, PÄRT, Penderecki, RACHMANINOV, Schnittke, TAVENER

overtures G & preludes G (to stage works):  JC Bach, Barber, BEETHOVEN, Berlioz, Bernstein, Borodin, Cherubini, Glinka, Gluck, Kabalevsky, Mendelssohn, Mozart, Mussorgsky, Nielsen, Offenbach, Purcell, ROSSINI, Schubert, R Schumann, Smetana, Suppé, Verdi, WAGNER, Weber

pantomime ballets (see ballets)

Paris, composers associated with:

c1600-1800:  +Auber, +Boieldieu, +Boismortier, M-A Charpentier, +Cherubini, Clérambault, F Couperin, -L Couperin, +Grétry, --Janequin, Lalande, +Leclair, Lully, Marais, +Méhul, +Piccinni, Rameau, +K Stamitz, +Viotti

1800 to present:  -Adam, Alain, -Alkan, -Auber, -Berlioz, -Bizet, -Boieldieu, Boulanger, +Boulez, -Carulli, Casella, Chabrier, G Charpentier, Chausson, -Cherubini, -Chopin, Debussy, Delibes, -Donizetti, Dukas, Dupré, +Duruflé, +Dutilleux, Enescu, Falla, Fauré, Franck, -Gounod, -Grétry, Guilmant, Hahn, -Halévy, Honegger, Ibert, Indy, +Jolivet, Jongen, Koechlin, Lalo, +Langlais, -Liszt, Massenet, Medtner, -Méhul, +Messiaen, Mompou, Moszkowski, -Offenbach, -Paganini, Poulenc, Prokofiev, Ravel, -Reicha, +Rorem, Roussel, Saint-Saëns, Sarasate, Satie, -Sor, -Spontini, Stravinsky, Tailleferre, +Tansman, +Tcherepnin, -Thomas, Thomson, Tournemire, Varèse, Vierne, Villa-Lobos, -Viotti, Widor, +Xenakis

partitas G :  JS Bach, Böhm, Mozart

passacaglias G :  JS Bach, Biber, Buxtehude, Webern, Weiss

Passions G :  JS Bach, Pärt, Penderecki, Schütz, Victoria

pavanes G :  Byrd, Cabezón, Fauré, Gibbons, Holborne, Milán, Ravel

percussion, music for: 

in chamber music setting:  Bartók, Cage, Crumb, Ginastera, Harrison, Henze, Kraft, Partch, Reich, Stockhausen, Varèse, Xenakis

in an orchestral setting:  Bartók, Copland, Kraft, Martinu, Messiaen, Penderecki, Poulenc, Shchedrin, Sculthorpe, Varèse

piano, music for (see also keyboard instrument): 

unaccompanied (including sonatas; see also sonatas--keyboard instrument): 

c1775-1900:  +ALBÉNIZ, Alkan, +Balakirev, +Beach, -BEETHOVEN, Borodin, +BRAHMS, +Busoni, Chabrier, +Chaminade, CHOPIN, +Cui, Czerny, +DEBUSSY, +Dukas, -Dussek, +Fauré, Franck, +Fibich, -Field, Gade, +Glazunov, Glinka, Gottschalk, +GRANADOS, +Grainger, +GRIEG, -J Haydn, -Hummel, +Ives, +Janácek, +Joplin, -Kuhlau, LISZT, +Lyadov, +MacDowell, MENDELSSOHN, Mendelssohn-Hensel, +Moszkowski, -MOZART, Mussorgsky, +Nielsen, +Paderewski, +RACHMANINOV, Raff, +Ravel, +Reger, Rossini, Rubinstein, +Satie, SCHUBERT, C Schumann, R SCHUMANN, +SCRIABIN, +Sinding, Smetana, +Suk, +Tchaikovsky, -Weber

1900 to present:  -ALBÉNIZ, Babbitt, Barber, -Bartók, -Bax, -Beach, -Berg, Berkeley, +Bolcom, Boulez, Bowles, -Busoni, Cage, Carter, -Casella, -Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Copland, Cowell, Crawford, +Crumb, -Cui, +Davies, -DEBUSSY, Dohnányi, -Fauré, Gerhard, -Gershwin, Ginastera, +Glass, -Glazunov, -GRANADOS, Grainger, -Griffes, Guarnieri, Hindemith, Hovhaness, Howells, -Ireland, -Ives, -Janácek, -JOPLIN, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Krenek, Ligeti, -Lyadov, -MacDowell, -Medtner, Messiaen, Mompou, Montsalvatge, -Moszkowski, Nancarrow, -Nielsen, -Paderewski, Persichetti, Piazzolla, Poulenc, PROKOFIEV, -RACHMANINOV, -RAVEL, -Reger, Rodrigo, -Roussel, -SATIE, -Schoenberg, -Schulhoff, -SCRIABIN, Shostakovich, -Sinding, Still, Stockhausen, Stravinsky, -Suk, -Szymanowski, Tansman, Tcherepnin, Thomson, Tubin, -Turina, -Villa-Lobos, Wolpe

in chamber music setting: 

general (multiple works, and for various forces) c1775 to present:  Beach, -Beethoven, Chaminade, -Chopin, Crawford, Debussy, Fauré, -Field, Franck, +Gerhard, -Hummel, Ireland, +Kurtág, +Ligeti, Martinu, Medtner, -Mendelssohn-Hensel, Poulenc, Rachmaninov, Ravel, C Schumann, -R Schumann, +Shostakovich, Sinding, Smetana, Szymanowski, +Tcherepnin, Turina, Villa-Lobos

piano four hands G /two players c1775 to present:  Bizet, Brahms, +Casella, -Czerny, Fauré, Gottschalk, Grainger, Grieg, +Guarnieri, -Kuhlau, +Lutoslawski, +Messiaen, Milhaud, Moszkowski, Ravel, Satie, -Schubert

piano trios G c1775 to present:  Arensky, -Beethoven, Brahms, Bridge, Dvorák, Fauré, -Mendelssohn, -Mendelssohn-Hensel, Ravel, -Schubert, C Schumann, -R Schumann, +Shostakovich, Smetana, Tchaikovsky

piano quartets G c1775 to present:  Brahms, Fauré, -Mozart, -R Schumann

piano quintets G c1775 to present:  Bax, -Beethoven, Bloch, Brahms, Dvorák, Elgar, Franck, -Hummel, +Schnittke, -Schubert, -R Schumann, +Shostakovich

miscellaneous specific combinations (especially sonatas with other instruments) c1775 to present:  +Barber, Bartók, -Beethoven, Bloch, Brahms, Bridge, +Cage, Chausson, -Chopin, +Crumb, Cui, Debussy, Dukas, Enescu, Fauré, Franck, Glière, Grieg, -J Haydn, +Hindemith, Honegger, Janácek, +Jolivet, Kreisler, +Martin, Martinu, +Messiaen, +Milhaud, -Mozart, +Pärt, Poulenc, Prokofiev, Rachmaninov, Ravel, -Rossini, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, -Schubert, C Schumann, -R Schumann, +Shostakovich, Smetana, +Stockhausen, R Strauss, Szymanowski, -Weber, Wieniawski

as featured instrument with orchestra c1775 to present (including concertos):  Balakirev, +Barber, BARTÓK, Beach, -BEETHOVEN, Berg, +Bernstein, Bloch, BRAHMS, Busoni, +Cage, +Carter, -CHOPIN, Dohnányi, Falla, Fauré, -Field, Finzi, Franck, +Gerhard, +Gershwin, +Ginastera, GRIEG, Hahn, +Hindemith, -Hummel, Indy, Ireland, +Kabalevsky, +Khachaturian, LISZT, +Lutoslawski, MacDowell, +Martin, Martinu, Medtner, -MENDELSSOHN, +Messiaen, Moszkowski, -MOZART, Paderewski, Poulenc, Prokofiev, RACHMANINOV, Raff, RAVEL, Rubinstein, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, Schoenberg, C Schumann, -R SCHUMANN, +Shostakovich, Sinding, Stravinsky, Szymanowski, TCHAIKOVSKY, +Tcherepnin, Turina, Villa-Lobos, -Weber

plainchant/plainsong (see Gregorian chant/plainchant)

political subjects, music on (see socio-political subjects, music on)

Polystylism, composers employing:  Bolcom, Davies, Foss, Henze, Ives, Kagel, Ligeti, Penderecki, Rochberg, Schnittke, Shchedrin

polkas, orchestral G :  J Strauss Jr., J Strauss Sr., Jos Strauss

polonaises G :  Chopin

popular music/song traditions, some composers generally influenced by (see also blues, folk music traditions, jazz, ragtime):

specific tradition(s) not noted:  Arnold, Bennett, Blitzstein, Bolcom, Carpenter, Creston, Dello Joio, Grofé, Joplin, Milhaud, Poulenc, Satie, Schuller, Tubin, Turina

European countries:  Cabezón, Grétry, J Haydn, Sanz, D Scarlatti, Sor, Tansman

Latin American countries:  Gottschalk, Lara, Ponce, Revueltas, Villa-Lobos

North American countries:  Fine, Gottschalk, Ives, Larsen, Moore, Schickele, Schuman, Still

Post-Classical style G c1800-c1850:  Boieldieu, Carulli, Cherubini, Clementi, Czerny, Dussek, Field, Giuliani, Hummel, Lortzing, Mayr, Méhul, PAGANINI, Reicha, ROSSINI, SCHUBERT, Sor, Spontini, Viotti, WEBER

Prague, composers associated with, c1850 to present:  -Dvorák, -Fibich, Novák, -Smetana, Suk, Zemlinsky

Pre-Classical style G c1725-c1775:  Arne, CPE BACH, JC Bach, WF Bach, Boyce, Fasch, Galuppi, GLUCK, Hasse, Jommelli, Lotti, Martini, Pergolesi, Quantz, Sammartini, D SCARLATTI, Soler, J Stamitz, K Stamitz, Tartini

preludes (see overtures)

prepared piano, G music for:  Cage, Cowell, Pärt

primitivistic elements, G composers employing:  Jolivet, Orff, Revueltas, Stravinsky, Varèse

psalm settings G :  Allegri, Bernstein, M-A Charpentier, Clemens, Honegger, Janequin, Kodály, Lasso, Reger, Schütz, Stravinsky, Willaert

quadrilles, orchestral G :  J Strauss Jr., J Strauss Sr.

quartets, music for: 

string quartets G (form or forces) c1750 to present:  +Barber, +BARTÓK, -BEETHOVEN, +Berg, +Bloch, -Boccherini, Borodin, Brahms, +Britten, +Carter, +Cowell, +Crawford, +Crumb, Debussy, Dvorák, Elgar, Fauré, Franck, Gershwin, +Ginastera, Grieg, -J HAYDN, +Holmboe, Ives, +Janácek, +Ligeti, +Lutoslawski, -Mendelssohn, +Miaskovsky, -MOZART, +Prokofiev, Puccini, Ravel, +Sallinen, +Schnittke, +Schoenberg, -SCHUBERT, +Schulhoff, +Sculthorpe, +SHOSTAKOVICH, Sibelius, Smetana, Tchaikovsky, +Tippett, Turina, Verdi, +Villa-Lobos, Webern, Wolf

piano quartets (see piano--piano quartets)

multiple works, or for other instrumental combinations:  Cage, Crumb, Diamond, Dvorák, Françaix, Messiaen, Mozart, Pierné, Rossini

quintets, music for: 

string quintets G (form or forces):  Boccherini, Bruckner, Mozart, Schubert

piano quintets (see piano--piano quintets)

wind quintets G (form or forces):  Danzi, Eisler, Françaix, Hindemith, Ibert, Ligeti, Milhaud, NIELSEN, Reicha, Stravinsky

other combinations:  Arnold, JC Bach, JS Bach, Beethoven, BOCCHERINI, Brahms, Cage, Françaix, MOZART, Roussel, Weber

rags G :  Bolcom, JOPLIN

ragtime, some composers influenced by (see also jazz, popular songs/music):  BOLCOM, CARPENTER, GERSHWIN, Gould, Ives, Krenek, LAMBERT, Satie, Schuller, Stravinsky

recorder/piccolo, music for:  Berkeley, Blow, Boismortier, Handel, Reich, Stockhausen, Telemann, Vivaldi

religious music (see anthems, cantatas, choral music, church music, Glorias, hymns, Magnificats, masses, motets, oratorios, Passions, psalm settings, religious subjects, requiems, sacred vocal music, Stabat Maters, Te Deums)

religious subjects, music on:  Adler, Bloch, Dello Joio, Górecki, Handel, Hildegard, Honegger, Messiaen, Penderecki, Poulenc, Tavener

Renaissance Period G (c1400-c1600) composers: 

Dutch/Franco-Flemish:  -Binchois, Clemens, -DUFAY, Gombert, Isaac, JOSQUIN, La Rue, +LASSO, Obrecht, -Ockeghem, +Susato, +Sweelinck

English:  +Bull, +BYRD, +Campion, +DOWLAND, -Dunstable, +Gibbons, +Holborne, +Morley, Sheppard, +Tallis, Taverner, +Tomkins, +Weelkes

French:  +Janequin

German:  +Hassler, +Praetorius, Senfl

Italian:  +A Gabrieli, +G GABRIELI, +Gesualdo, +Marenzio, +PALESTRINA, Rore, Willaert

Spanish:  Cabezón, +Guerrero, Milán, Morales, +VICTORIA

Renaissance Period music, some later composers generally influenced by:  Bartók, Bloch, Bruckner, Carter, Davies, Debussy, Druckman, Fauré, Górecki, Harris, Harrison, Hindemith, Hovhaness, Howells, Indy, Kokkonen, Krenek, Kurtág, Lawes, Ligeti, Maderna, Nielsen, Nono, Orff, Pärt, Petrassi, Pinkham, Pizzetti, Respighi, Rodrigo, Rubbra, Schuman, Sibelius, Stenhammar, Stravinsky, Thompson, Tippett, Varèse, Vaughan Williams, Warlock, Webern

requiems G :  Berlioz, BRAHMS, Britten, Cherubini, Duruflé, FAURÉ, MOZART, Ockeghem, Rutter, Schütz, Takemitsu, VERDI, Victoria

rhapsodies G :  Alfvén, Bartók, Bloch, Brahms, Butterworth, Chabrier, Delius, Dvorák, Enescu, Gershwin, Janácek, Liszt, Rachmaninov, Ravel

romances G :  Dvorák, Rubinstein, C Schumann, R Schumann, Svendsen, Vaughan Williams

Romantic Period G (c1825-c1925) composers: 

Czech Romantic:  +Suk

English Romantic:  +Bax, +ELGAR, +Ireland, Sullivan

French Romantic:  -Adam, -Alkan, -Auber, -BERLIOZ, BIZET, +Boulanger, Chabrier, +Chaminade, +G Charpentier, Chausson, -CHOPIN, Delibes, +Dukas, Duparc, +FAURÉ, FRANCK, Gottschalk, Gounod, Guilmant, +Hahn, -Halévy, +Indy, Lalo, Massenet, -Meyerbeer, +Pierné, +SAINT-SAËNS, Thomas, +Tournemire, +Vierne, Vieuxtemps, +Widor

German Romantic:  -Berwald, BRAHMS, Bruch, Bruckner, DVORÁK, -Flotow, Franz, Gade, Goldmark, +Humperdinck, +Korngold, LISZT, -Loewe, +MAHLER, -MENDELSSOHN, -Mendelssohn-Hensel, -Nicolai, +Pfitzner, Raff, +Reger, Reinecke, Rheinberger, +SCHOENBERG, +Schreker, -C Schumann, -R SCHUMANN, +Sinding, Smetana, -Spohr, +R STRAUSS, +Toch, WAGNER, +Wolf, +Zemlinsky

Italian Romantic:  -BELLINI, Boito, Bottesini, +Cilea, -DONIZETTI, +Giordano, +Leoncavallo, +Mascagni, -Mercadante, Ponchielli, +PUCCINI, +Respighi, VERDI, +Wolf-Ferrari

Late Romantic:  Alfvén, Beach, Bridge, Busoni, Chadwick, Coleridge-Taylor, DELIUS, Dohnányi, Enescu, Fibich, Foote, Gretchaninov, Ives, MacDowell, Moszkowski, NIELSEN, Novák, Paderewski, Parry, Sarasate, Schmitt, Schulhoff, SIBELIUS, Stanford, Stenhammar, Tárrega

Middle Romantic:  Wieniawski

Russian Romantic:  +Arensky, Borodin, Cui, Dargomïzhsky, +Glazunov, +Glière, -Glinka, +Ippolitov-Ivanov, +Medtner, +Miaskovsky, Mussorgsky, +RACHMANINOV, Rimsky-Korsakov, Rubinstein, +Scriabin, +Taneyev, +TCHAIKOVSKY

Rome, composers associated with, c1550 to present:  -Allegri, -Caccini, Caldara, +Casella, -Carissimi, -Corelli, -Frescobaldi, +Ibert, Jommelli, -Marenzio, -Palestrina, +Pizzetti, +Respighi, -A Scarlatti, D Scarlatti, +Scelsi, -Stradella, -Victoria

rondos G :  Field, Mendelssohn, Mozart, Saint-Saëns

sacred vocal/choral music (various genres; see also anthems, cantatas, choral music, church music, Glorias, hymns, Magnificats, masses, motets, oratorios, psalm settings, religious subjects, requiems, Stabat Maters, Te Deums): 

c1350-1600:  -Binchois, +Byrd, Clemens, Dufay, -Dunstable, +A Gabrieli, +G Gabrieli, +Gesualdo, Gombert, +Guerrero, +Hassler, --Hildegard, Isaac, Josquin, +Lasso, -Machaut, +Monteverdi, Morales, Obrecht, Ockeghem, +Palestrina, +Philips, +Praetorius, +Rore, +Sweelinck, +Tallis, Taverner, +Victoria, Willaert

1600-1850:  -Allegri, CPE Bach, JS Bach, +Berlioz, -Biber, Billings, Böhm, -Bruhns, -Buxtehude, -Byrd, -Carissimi, -M-A Charpentier, F Couperin, -G Gabrieli, Handel, Hasse, -Hassler, Jommelli, Lalande, -Legrenzi, +Liszt, Lotti, -Lully, Marcello, Martini, +Mendelssohn, -Monteverdi, Mozart, Pachelbel, Pergolesi, -Philips, -Praetorius, Purcell, Rameau, +Rossini, A Scarlatti, D Scarlatti, -Scheidt, -Schein, +Schubert, -Schütz, -Sweelinck, Telemann, Vivaldi, -Weelkes, Zelenka

1850 to present:  Barber, -Berlioz, +Bernstein, Boulanger, -Brahms, +Britten, -Bruckner, Duruflé, -Dvorák, -Elgar, -Fauré, -Franck, -Gounod, +Górecki, Holst, +Hovhaness, Howells, Janácek, Kodály, +Leighton, -Liszt, -Parry, +Pärt, +Penderecki, +Pinkham, Poulenc, Rachmaninov, Reger, -Rheinberger, Rubbra, +Rutter, Stanford, Stravinsky, +Tavener, Vaughan Williams, -Verdi, Vierne, Webern, Weill

St. Petersburg, composers associated with, c1850 to present:  Arensky, -Balakirev, -Borodin, -Cui, -Dargomïzhsky, -Glazunov, -Lyadov, Miaskovsky, -Mussorgsky, -Rimsky-Korsakov, -Rubinstein, +Shostakovich, -Tchaikovsky, -Wieniawski

saxophone, music for:  Françaix, Glazunov, Pierné

scherzos G :  Dukas, Glière, Wieniawski

Second Viennese school G composers:  Berg, Eisler, Schoenberg, Webern, [Egon Wellesz]

septets, octets, nonets, music for G :  Beethoven, Janácek, Martinu, Mendelssohn, Ravel, Saint-Saëns, Schubert, Spohr, Stravinsky, Varèse, Villa-Lobos

serenades G :  Brahms, Britten, Chaminade, Dohnányi, Dvorák, Elgar, Mozart, Roussel, Stenhammar, Suk, Tchaikovsky, Vaughan Williams, Warlock, Wolf

Serial technique, G composers associated with:  Babbitt, Bennett, BERG, Bernstein, Birtwistle, Carter, Dallapiccola, Davidovsky, Davies, Druckman, Finney, Gerhard, Ginastera, Holliger, Krenek, Leighton, Martin, Montsalvatge, Musgrave, Perle, Petrassi, Pinkham, Rautavaara, Riegger, Rochberg, Schnittke, SCHOENBERG, Schuller, Sessions, Skalkottas, Stravinsky, Tower, Walker, WEBERN, Wolpe, Wuorinen, Zwilich

services (see church music & religious music)

sextets, music for:  Brahms, Chausson, Dowland, Dvorák, Falla, Janácek, Poulenc, Schoenberg, Xenakis

sinfonies concertantes (see orchestral music--sinfonia concertantes)

sinfonias (see orchestral music--sinfonia concertantes)

Socialist Realist style composers 20th Century:  Glière, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Prokofiev, Schulhoff, Shchedrin, Shostakovich

socio-political subjects, music on:  Berio, Blitzstein, Eisler, Henze, Kagel, Nono, Penderecki, Sculthorpe, Weill

solo player, works for (see unaccompanied instrumentalist)

sonatas G and sonatinas G (by primary named instrument): 

general (multiple works, and for various featured instruments):  Arnold, CPE Bach, JS Bach, Bartók, Carter, Hindemith, Honegger, Poulenc, Prokofiev, Telemann, Vivaldi

bassoon:  Saint-Saëns

cello c1775 to present:  -JS Bach, +Barber, -Beethoven, -Boccherini, Brahms, Bridge, -Chopin, +Crumb, Debussy, Hindemith, Kodály, Martinu, +Miaskovsky, +Prokofiev, Rachmaninov, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, +Shostakovich, R Strauss

clarinet:  Arnold, Brahms, Honegger, Poulenc, Saint-Saëns

flute:  CPE Bach, JS Bach, Berkeley, Boismortier, Debussy, Dutilleux, Giuliani, Handel, Leclair, Martinu, Poulenc, Prokofiev, Reinecke

guitar:  Ginastera, Giuliani, Moreno Torróba, Ponce, Sor

harp:  Debussy, Spohr

harpsichord (see also sonatas--keyboard):  Galuppi, D Scarlatti, Soler

horn:  Hindemith

keyboard instrument:  CPE Bach, JC Bach, Cimarosa, Clementi, J Haydn, Martini, D Scarlatti, Soler

oboe:  Hindemith, Poulenc, Rubbra

organ:  CPE Bach, Guilmant, Jongen, Mendelssohn, Rheinberger

piano c1775 to present (see also sonatas--keyboard):  +Barber, +Bartók, Bax, -BEETHOVEN, Berg, +Boulez, Brahms, Busoni, +Cage, +Carter, -Chopin, -Clementi, +Copland, Dukas, -Dussek, -Field, +Ginastera, Griffes, -J Haydn, +Hindemith, Ives, Janácek, -Liszt, MacDowell, Medtner, Miaskovsky, -MOZART, PROKOFIEV, -Schubert, -R Schumann, SCRIABIN

recorder:  Berkeley, Handel

trumpet:  Hindemith

viola:  Clarke, Debussy

violin c1650 to present:  -JS Bach, +Bartók, +Beach, BEETHOVEN, -Biber, +Bloch, Brahms, -Corelli, +Debussy, +Enescu, +Fauré, FRANCK, -Geminiani, Grieg, +Janácek, -Leclair, Mozart, +Prokofiev, +Ravel, +Respighi, Saint-Saëns, +Schnittke, Spohr, +R Strauss, +Szymanowski, -Tartini, -Vivaldi

song cycles/collections G c1800 to present (see also lieder, songs, voice, featured solo):  +Argento, +Barber, -Berlioz, +Boulez, +Britten, Butterworth, Canteloube, +Copland, +Crumb, Debussy, Delius, FAURÉ, +Finzi, Grainger, Grieg, Griffes, +Henze, Hindemith, -Liszt, Mahler, -Mussorgsky, +Poulenc, Ravel, Rimsky-Korsakov, +Rorem, Schoenberg, -SCHUBERT, -R SCHUMANN, Sullivan, Vaughan Williams, Villa-Lobos, Warlock, Webern, WOLF

songs (usually with piano or orchestral accompaniment; see also chansons, lieder, madrigals, song cycles): 

c1550-1800:  +Arne, Blow, -Byrd, -Caccini, Caldara, -Campion, -Dowland, -Guerrero, +J Haydn, -Lasso, Lawes, -Milán, Purcell, A Scarlatti

1800-1900:  +Balakirev, +Beach, -Bellini, Berlioz, Borodin, BRAHMS, +Chabrier, +Chaminade, +Chausson, +Cui, Dargomïzhsky, +Dvorák, +DEBUSSY, +Delibes, +Delius, +Duparc, +FAURÉ, -Giuliani, Glinka, Gounod, +Granados, +Grieg, +Hahn, +Ives, +Koechlin, +Leoncavallo, Liszt, +MacDowell, +Mahler, +Mascagni, +Massenet, Mendelssohn, Mussorgsky, +Nielsen, +Pfitzner, +Rachmaninov, +Ravel, +Reger, +Rimsky-Korsakov, Rossini, Rubinstein, +Schoenberg, -SCHUBERT, R SCHUMANN, +Sibelius, +Sinding, -Sor, +Stanford, +Stenhammar, +R Strauss, +Sullivan, +Tchaikovsky, -Weber, +WOLF, +Zemlinsky

1900 to present:  Barber, -Bartók, -Beach, -Berg, +Bolcom, -Boulanger, Bowles, Britten, -Butterworth, Canteloube, -Carpenter, Castelnuovo-Tedesco, -Chaminade, -Clarke, Copland, -Cui, -DEBUSSY, -Delius, Diamond, -Eisler, -Falla, -FAURÉ, Finzi, -GERSHWIN, -Grainger, -Granados, -Griffes, Guarnieri, -Hahn, +Henze, -Ireland, -Ives, -Koechlin, Lara, -Leoncavallo, -Mahler, Martin, -Mascagni, -Massenet, -Medtner, Milhaud, Mompou, Montsalvatge, -NIELSEN, -Pfitzner, -Ponce, POULENC, -Rachmaninov, -Ravel, -Reger, -Respighi, Rodrigo, +ROREM, -Roussel, -Schoenberg, -Schreker, -Sibelius, -Sinding, -Stanford, -Stenhammar, R Strauss, -Szymanowski, -Turina, -Vaughan Williams, Villa-Lobos, -Warlock, -Webern, WEILL, -Wolf-Ferrari, -Zemlinsky

Spanish music, some non-Spanish composers generally influenced by:  Bizet, Boccherini, Chabrier, Ibert, Lalo, Lara, Moszkowski, Ravel, D Scarlatti

spoken word (see narrated works)

Stabat Maters G :  Dvorák, Palestrina, Pärt, Pergolesi, Poulenc, Rossini, Szymanowski

stage/dramatic works, general (see also ballets, film scores, masques, multi/mixed-media works, music theatre, operas, operettas, oratorios, orchestral music--incidental music, overtures):  Amram, Arne, Bennett, Berlioz, Bernstein, Blitzstein, Bowles, M-A Charpentier, Corigliano, Delius, Dittersdorf, Eisler, Fibich, Gershwin, Gretchaninov, Honegger, Ibert, Kabalevsky, Kagel, Lehár, Locke, Maderna, Monk, Moreno Torróba, Nono, Oliveros, Orff, Purcell, Schoenberg, Shostakovich, Stradella, Tailleferre, Weill